Definitions of Instructional Design
Adapted from "Training and Instructional Design",
Applied Research Laboratory,
Penn State University
- Instructional Design as a Process:
- Instructional Design is the systematic development of
instructional specifications using learning and instructional
theory to ensure the quality of instruction. It is the entire
process of analysis of learning needs and goals and the
development of a delivery system to meet those needs. It includes
development of instructional materials and activities; and tryout
and evaluation of all instruction and learner activities.
- Instructional Design as a Discipline:
- Instructional Design is that branch of knowledge concerned
with research and theory about instructional strategies and the
process for developing and implementing those strategies.
- Instructional Design as a Science:
- Instructional design is the science of creating detailed
specifications for the development, implementation, evaluation,
and maintenance of situations that facilitate the learning of both
large and small units of subject matter at all levels of
complexity.
- Instructional Design as Reality:
- Instructional design can start at any point in the design
process. Often a glimmer of an idea is developed to give the core
of an instruction situation. By the time the entire process is
done the designer looks back and she or he checks to see that all
parts of the "science" have been taken into account. Then the
entire process is written up as if it occurred in a systematic
fashion.
- Instructional System:
- An instructional system is an arrangement of resources and
procedures to promote learning. Instructional design is the
systematic process of developing instructional systems and
instructional development is the process of implementing the
system or plan.
- Instructional Technology:
- Instructional technology is the systemic and systematic
application of strategies and techniques derived from behavioral,
cognitive, and constructivist theories to the solution of
instructional problems.
- Instructional technology is the systematic application of
theory and other organized knowledge to the task of instructional
design and development.
- Instructional Technology = Instructional Design +
Instructional Development
- Instructional Development:
- The process of implementing the design plans.
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http://www.umich.edu/~ed626/define.html
Revised: October 18, 1996
Copyright ©1996 The University of Michigan
Send comments or queries to
Carl Berger or
Rosalind Kam