The production of L-malic acid (used in medicines and food additives ) was produced over immobilized cells of Bacillus flavum MA-3 (Proc. 2nd Joint China/USA Chemical Engineering Conference, Beijing, China, Vol.III, p. 1033, 1997).
HOOCCH=CHCOOH + H2O
The following rate law was obtained for the rate of formation of product:
where Vmax=76, Km=0.048 mol/dm3, and 
= 1.69 mol/dm3.
Design a reactor to process 10 m3/day of 2 mol/dm3 of
fumaric acid.