Bibliography

Chrisomalis. Steve Forthright's Phrontistery: Dictionary of Obscure Words and Word Lists, February 21, 2001 <http://phrontistery.50megs.com/carriage.html > (April 8th 2002), Word List: Types of Carriage and Chariot with Definitions.

Chrisomalis' page contains a great deal of word lists from various areas of interest. The word list of particular interest to carriages is the carriage and chariot definitions which lists carriage types from several areas, not just England. Most of the definitions are short, but they do offer the number of horses used, number of wheels, and if the carriage is closed or open in some cases.

Duplessis. Antoinette, When Horse was King, No Date Listed <http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/history/material_culture/duplessi/> (April 10th 2002), Material Culture Approach.

Duplessis page is concerned with carriages as a form of transportation in Canada. The details range from the method of study, material culture, to illustrations and conclusions. Although the site is restricted to a particular society it is very helpful in gathering ideas concerning ways in which the study of carriages can be done.

Lubar, Steven and Kingery, W. David History from Things: Essays on Material Culture. Washington DC. Smithsonian Press 1993

Lubar and Kingery edited a collections of essays concerning material culture from various view points. Not only do the essays included present an introduction to material culture studies, but they also represent a view of various historical objects from a material culture stand point. Each essay is complete, but the selection together gives a good introductory look at the subject.

Piggott, Stuart. Wagon, chariot and carriage : symbol and status in the history of transport New York, NY : Thames and Hudson, C1992.

Piggott's book spans the history of transportation using wagons, chariots, and carriages. The book opens with details on the wheel designs from various areas. Information concerning the importantance of carriages is gathered from anthropological sites where burials were done with vehicles, the animal that pulled it, and their owner. He then moves though to the latest use of carriages and the way their importance is seen.

Priest, Robert J. From Chariot to Car. London, Ed. J. Burrow and Co. Ltd., 1930.

Priest the roots of the Chariot, its important elements, and the way they relate to other types of carriages, and their eventual impact on the car. The book combines various pictures of several carriage types with details on how they were made, used, decorated, and maintained. The latter part of the book addresses these same areas concerning the early automobile, paying special attention to how carriage design affected the horseless carriage.

Robertson, Cecil. Coachbuilding--past and present . London, Hooper & coachbuilders ltd. 1928

Robertson begins his book with primitive wheeled vehicles. The historical, social and mechanical details throughout are complimented by a wealth of pictures. Although most of the pictures are small they are well labeled and separate detail images are provided in deemed nessesary by the author. The book includes details on public transportation, coachbuilding, and road legislation. Overall Robertson presents a good overview and provides good specifics in certain areas.

Straus, Ralph. Carriages and Coaches: Their History and Their Evolution. Philadelphia 1912.

Straus discusses carriages from different places and time periods. He gives a lot of attention to personal accounts and journal entries of the times. Although the book includes a few pictures it is the text of the book that is the main focus.

Tunis, Edwin. Wheels; a pictorial history Cleveland, World Pub. Co. 1955.

Tunis provides the most signifigant source of illustrations of a wide range of carriages from all over the world. Although the text provided is useful it is rarely combined with relevant illustrations. However, Tunis did provide a list of illustrations at the front of the book. He spans the first vehicles to cars of the mid 1900's.

Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (Great Britain). General Literature Committee. The book of carriages London, 1853.

The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge provides the history of different types of transportation from different countries. From medieval times until 1900. Although the book has a few illustrations it is useful for gaining information on particular types of carriages used in England.